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Held by 150 of 2,417 reporting institutions (93th percentile) — extremely crowded.
Data as of Q3 2026
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Total shares institutions bought (green) vs sold (red) each quarter across all holders.
Inferred from quarter-over-quarter change in each fund's 13F position (new stakes count as buys, exits as sells). Not tick-level trades.
Ranked against 24 sector peers with collected financials. Valuation from latest close × latest fiscal-year fundamentals; 13F conviction as of 2026-09-30.
Percentile is “goodness” within the peer set (100 = best). For valuation and leverage that means cheaper / less-levered ranks higher.
| Company | Mkt cap ▼ | P/E | EV/EBITDA | P/S | Rev gr | Gross | Net | ROE | ROIC | Net D/EBITDA | 13F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QCOM | $176.0B | 32.9× | 13.3× | 4.0× | 13.7% | 55.4% | 12.5% | 26.1% | 15.4% | 0.7× | 1,051 |
| MSI | $81.3B | 38.5× | 26.2× | 7.0× | 8.0% | 51.7% | 18.4% | 89.4% | 18.6% | 2.3× | 450 |
| LITE | $76.2B | — | 115.9× | 25.3× | 83.2% | 41.7% | -230% | -149% | -110% | -0.6× | 380 |
| CIEN | $45.5B | 377.3× | 152.2× | 9.5× | 18.8% | 42.0% | 2.6% | 4.5% | 2.9% | 1.5× | 296 |
| UI | $34.1B | 35.6× | 27.9× | 10.4× | 27.2% | 46.2% | 29.3% | 66.7% | 66.7% | -0.4× | 71 |
| FN | $11.7B | 25.1× | 21.5× | 2.5× | 35.7% | 12.0% | 10.2% | 19.3% | 19.3% | -0.7× | 150 |
| ESE | $6.2B | 20.6× | 25.4× | 5.6× | 19.2% | 42.1% | 27.3% | 19.4% | 17.3% | 0.3× | 91 |
| PL | $4.9B | — | — | 15.9× | 25.9% | 56.1% | -80.2% | -131% | -131% | — | 71 |
| ONDS | $3.7B | — | — | 72.5× | 605% | 39.7% | -261% | -30.2% | -30.2% | — | 98 |
| VISN | $1.5B | 0.7× | 118.5× | 0.8× | 39.7% | 49.5% | — | -227% | 36.5% | — | 48 |
| NSSC | $1.4B | 32.8× | 26.9× | 7.0× | 11.4% | 59.2% | 21.3% | 22.5% | 22.5% | -2.7× | 52 |
| HLIT | $1.1B | — | 43.9× | 3.1× | -26.2% | 48.5% | -12.0% | -11.3% | -8.7% | -0.5× | 48 |
| UMAC | $776M | — | — | 69.3× | 101% | 34.9% | -171% | -11.0% | -11.0% | — | 36 |
| NTGR | $614M | — | — | 0.9× | 3.8% | 38.0% | -2.6% | -3.6% | -3.6% | — | 29 |
| GILT | $599M | 22.9× | 9.2× | 1.3× | 47.9% | 29.5% | 4.6% | 4.1% | 4.1% | -3.5× | 17 |
| ADTN | $532M | — | 5.7× | 0.5× | 17.5% | 38.3% | -4.2% | -31.3% | -31.3% | -1.2× | 27 |
| CLFD | $435M | — | 50.2× | 2.9× | 19.6% | 33.7% | -5.4% | -3.1% | -3.1% | -2.6× | 19 |
| AIOT | $388M | — | 7.9× | 0.9× | 22.4% | 55.5% | -4.6% | -4.3% | -2.7% | 3.0× | 24 |
| TBCH | $287M | 20.8× | 10.2× | 0.9× | -14.2% | 37.3% | 4.9% | 12.2% | 8.6% | 1.2× | 20 |
| AUDC | $269M | 35.9× | 12.6× | 1.1× | 1.4% | 65.0% | 3.6% | 5.2% | 5.2% | -2.5× | 4 |
| AVNW | $259M | 106.2× | 12.6× | 0.6× | 1.2% | 31.5% | 0.6% | 0.9% | 0.7% | 1.1× | 19 |
| BKTI | $257M | 19.8× | 13.2× | 3.0× | 12.5% | 48.8% | 15.7% | 30.3% | 30.3% | -1.3× | 12 |
| CRNT | $188M | — | 9.3× | 0.6× | -14.1% | 33.8% | -0.6% | -1.2% | -1.1% | -1.1× | 11 |
| VUZI | $179M | — | — | 28.5× | 9.1% | -16.9% | -514% | -131% | -131% | — | 14 |
| RSKIA | $103M | 9.1× | 13.6× | 4.1× | 10.3% | 48.1% | 45.8% | 18.0% | 18.0% | -0.7× | — |
Peers = companies sharing FN's sector (Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus) with collected SEC financials. Multiples use the most recent end-of-day close and latest fiscal-year fundamentals (trailing, not forward). Missing cells mean the peer never reported that line item, has no collected price, or has a non-positive denominator. Not investment advice.
Solve the discounted cash flow backwards, then stress-test the assumptions.
Average free cash flow across the last 3 positive fiscal years (FY2024, FY2025, FY2026). Smooths the cycle. Stock compensation is NOT charged — it is added back inside operating cash flow.
To be worth $327.29 today, the market must believe free cash flow compounds 29.7%/yr for a decade (off $192.4M on the 3-yr avg basis).
On the basis ($160.4M) the requirement is 32.4%/yr. Shares issued to employees are added back in operating cash flow, so this basis treats them as free.
The market's 29.7% is more optimistic than its 9-yr track record.
Default is 13.3% — this company's computed cost of capital (computed WACC), the same rate the Analysis tab discounts at.
2-stage DCF · 0.04B shares (market data) · net debt -$346.7M
mean 451.4% · volatility σ 1263% · implied rate exceeded in 3/9 yrs
Central path = implied 29.7%/yr growth; shaded band = ±1σ (1263%) of this company's historical FCF volatility, widening with time. The wider the band, the less certain the growth.
Reverse DCF: rather than guessing a fair value, we solve for the growth the current price implies, then you stress-test the assumptions. Enterprise value of the FCF stream, less net debt, ÷ shares. Educational — not a recommendation.
What the company returns to shareholders — and whether it's covered by cash.
No dividend to cover. Last year: $0 dividends + $5.2M buybacks = $5.2M returned on $4.2M FCF.
Yields use the latest fiscal-year dividends/buybacks over current market cap. Dividends and buybacks from the SEC cash-flow statement; payout coverage vs net income and free cash flow. Educational — not a recommendation.
How management deployed cash over 10 years — and what it earned on reinvestment.
A reinvestment story — most cash went back into growth rather than to shareholders.
Reinvestment has been productive — operating income grew well per dollar put in. Current ROIC on all capital: 19%. Rough measure (includes maintenance capex).
Cash uses aggregated from the SEC cash-flow statement over 10 fiscal years. "Return on reinvestment" is a rough proxy — operating-income change ÷ cumulative CapEx + M&A — and includes maintenance capex. Educational — not a recommendation.
EOD close · as of 2026-10-30
How a revenue dollar becomes profit — FY2026
Dividends and buybacks are cash paid out, shown here against the same year's profit for scale — not funded from it.
Each value shows its share of revenue below it (common-size).
| Line Item | FY2026 | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | FY2020 | FY2019 | FY2018 | FY2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $4.64B 100.0% | $3.42B 100.0% | $2.88B 100.0% | $2.65B 100.0% | $2.26B 100.0% | $1.88B 100.0% | $1.64B 100.0% | $1.58B 100.0% | $1.37B 100.0% | $1.42B 100.0% |
| Cost of Revenue | $4.08B 88.0% | $3.01B 87.9% | $2.53B 87.6% | $2.31B 87.3% | $1.98B 87.7% | $1.66B 88.2% | $1.46B 88.7% | $1.41B 88.7% | $1.22B 88.8% | $1.25B 87.9% |
| Gross Profit | $556.5M 12.0% | $413.3M 12.1% | $356.1M 12.4% | $336.3M 12.7% | $278.6M 12.3% | $221.4M 11.8% | $186.1M 11.3% | $179.2M 11.3% | $153.4M 11.2% | $171.5M 12.1% |
| Selling, General & Admin | $93.5M 2.0% | $87.5M 2.6% | $78.5M 2.7% | $77.7M 2.9% | $73.9M 3.3% | $70.6M 3.8% | $68.4M 4.2% | $55.1M 3.5% | $57.8M 4.2% | $65.6M 4.6% |
| Operating Income | $462.9M 10.0% | $324.4M 9.5% | $277.6M 9.6% | $251.7M 9.5% | $204.5M 9.0% | $150.8M 8.0% | $117.4M 7.2% | $122.6M 7.7% | $93.8M 6.8% | $105.8M 7.5% |
| Interest Expense | $84K 0.0% | $0 0.0% | $124K 0.0% | $1.5M 0.1% | $432K 0.0% | $1.1M 0.1% | $3.0M 0.2% | $5.4M 0.3% | $3.6M 0.3% | $3.3M 0.2% |
| Other Income (Expense), net | $57.0M 1.2% | -$178K -0.0% | $287K 0.0% | -$159K -0.0% | -$1.6M -0.1% | -$3.5M -0.2% | $1.1M 0.1% | $868K 0.1% | $473K 0.0% | $509K 0.0% |
| Pretax Income | $555.1M 12.0% | $355.2M 10.4% | $311.4M 10.8% | $260.1M 9.8% | $207.0M 9.1% | $150.5M 8.0% | $119.2M 7.3% | $126.2M 8.0% | $88.0M 6.4% | $103.9M 7.3% |
| Income Tax Expense | $82.1M 1.8% | $22.7M 0.7% | $15.2M 0.5% | $12.2M 0.5% | $6.6M 0.3% | $2.1M 0.1% | $5.8M 0.4% | $5.3M 0.3% | $3.9M 0.3% | $6.7M 0.5% |
| Net Income | $473.0M 10.2% | $332.5M 9.7% | $296.2M 10.3% | $247.9M 9.4% | $200.4M 8.9% | $148.3M 7.9% | $113.5M 6.9% | $121.0M 7.6% | $84.2M 6.1% | $97.1M 6.8% |
| Per Share | ||||||||||
| EPS (Basic) | $13.21 | $9.23 | $8.17 | $6.79 | $5.43 | $4.02 | $3.07 | $3.29 | $2.26 | $2.63 |
| EPS (Diluted) | $13.05 | $9.17 | $8.10 | $6.73 | $5.36 | $3.95 | $3.01 | $3.23 | $2.21 | $2.57 |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Basic) | 35.8M | 36.0M | 36.2M | 36.5M | 36.9M | 36.9M | 36.9M | 36.8M | 37.3M | 36.9M |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Diluted) | 36.3M | 36.3M | 36.6M | 36.9M | 37.4M | 37.6M | 37.7M | 37.4M | 38.0M | 37.9M |
Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL filings (annual, fiscal year). Quarterly flow items are derived from cumulative filings; balance-sheet figures are as-of each period end. Ratios and margins are computed, not reported.
How much the company owes, how it's trended, and how comfortably it's serviced.
Cash of $346.7M (at 2026-06-26) covers all $21.3M of scheduled principal — no refinancing pressure. Scheduled principal only (excludes interest & revolver draws). As of 2022-09-30 (10-Q). The cash figure is from 2026-06-26, so the two are not the same balance-sheet date — the schedule has not been refiled since.
Green ≤ 1.5× · amber ≤ 3× · red > 3× (leverage relative to cash earnings).
Interest is easily covered by operating profit.
Cash vs short-term debt unavailable.
Short-term / long-term split not separately reported.
Debt, cash, interest and equity from the SEC balance sheet & income statement. Effective rate = interest ÷ average debt. Maturity ladder from the SEC long-term-debt repayment schedule. Educational — not a recommendation.
Top 40 institutional holders — bubble size is position value, color is the move since last quarter. Hover any holder for detail.
Drag any bubble to rearrange · size = dollar value of the position
Last reported position per insider, carried forward. Steps can be a holding disclosed for the first time rather than a trade.
| Date | Insider | What it was | Shares | Price | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-09-03 | 2 co-filers EVP, Sales & Marketing | Open-market sale | 1,420 | $385.58 | $548k |
| 2026-09-03 | 2 co-filers EVP, Sales & Marketing | Open-market sale | 1,080 | $386.34 | $417k |
| 2026-08-24 | Sverha Csaba Chief Financial Officer | Tax withholding | 321 | $421.14 | $135k |
| 2026-08-24 | Archer Edward T. EVP, Sales & Marketing |
Every row is classified by what it MEANT, not by its SEC code. A code is not a meaning: code P (“purchase”) also covers dividend reinvestment and employee stock purchase plans, and code S (“sale”) also covers 10b5-1 plan sales scheduled months earlier and option exercises sold the same day.
Across 30 days of all filings, $5.08bn of insider selling contained $3.50bn of plan sales and $0.46bn of exercise-and-sell. Only 29% was discretionary. Reading an unclassified feed badly overstates how much insiders decided.
Buys and sales are counted separately and never netted. They are different decisions by different people; a company where one officer bought while another sold is not “neutral”.
The holding line carries each insider's last reported position forward, so it shows the total held rather than a sawtooth of whoever traded that day. It covers only insiders who filed in the window.
“Filed late” counts calendar days past the two-business-day deadline with five days' grace, so a Thursday or Friday trade crossing a weekend is never flagged. It describes the company's filing discipline, not the trade.
Insider activity is descriptive. Nothing here is investment advice.
| 849 |
| $421.14 |
| $358k |
| 2026-08-24 | Grady Seamus Chief Executive Officer | Tax withholding | 2,943 | $421.14 | $1.2m |
| 2026-08-24 | Gill Harpal PRESIDENT & COO | Tax withholding | 1,840 | $421.14 | $775k |
| 2026-08-22 | 2 co-filers Chief Financial Officer | Tax withholding | 217 | $436.67 | $95k |
| 2026-08-22 | 2 co-filers EVP, Sales & Marketing | Tax withholding | 550 | $436.67 | $240k |
| 2026-08-22 | 2 co-filers Chief Executive Officer | Tax withholding | 1,821 | $436.67 | $795k |
| 2026-08-22 | 2 co-filers PRESIDENT & COO | Tax withholding | 1,168 | $436.67 | $510k |
| 2026-08-21 | 2 co-filers EVP, Sales & Marketing | Tax withholding | 546 | $436.67 | $238k |
| 2026-08-21 | 2 co-filers Chief Financial Officer | Tax withholding | 213 | $436.67 | $93k |
| 2026-08-21 | 2 co-filers Chief Executive Officer | Tax withholding | 2,044 | $436.67 | $893k |
| 2026-08-21 | 2 co-filers PRESIDENT & COO | Tax withholding | 1,123 | $436.67 | $490k |
| 2026-08-20 | Sverha Csaba Chief Financial Officer | Grant | 2,698 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-20 | Archer Edward T. EVP, Sales & Marketing | Grant | 2,024 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-20 | Grady Seamus Chief Executive Officer | Grant | 22,479 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-20 | Gill Harpal PRESIDENT & COO | Grant | 4,271 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers Chief Financial Officer | Grant | 3,820 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers Chief Executive Officer | Grant | 10,121 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers PRESIDENT & COO | Grant | 6,493 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers EVP, Sales & Marketing | Grant | 3,056 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers Chief Financial Officer | Grant | 3,739 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers EVP, Sales & Marketing | Grant | 2,991 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers Chief Executive Officer | Grant | 9,908 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers PRESIDENT & COO | Grant | 6,356 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers Chief Financial Officer | Tax withholding | 1,286 | $525.88 | $676k |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers EVP, Sales & Marketing | Tax withholding | 3,263 | $525.88 | $1.7m |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers Chief Executive Officer | Tax withholding | 10,806 | $525.88 | $5.7m |
| 2026-08-11 | 3 co-filers PRESIDENT & COO | Tax withholding | 6,933 | $525.88 | $3.6m |
| 2026-05-22 | Bahrami Homa Director | Open-market sale | 2,500 | $711.91 | $1.8m |
| 2026-02-26 | 5 co-filers Group filing | Gift | 150 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-02-25 | 5 co-filers Group filing | Open-market sale | 770 | $622.47 | $479k |
| 2026-02-25 | 5 co-filers Group filing | Open-market sale | 120 | $623.29 | $75k |
| 2026-02-25 | 5 co-filers Group filing | Open-market sale | 610 | $624.76 | $381k |
| 2026-02-25 | 5 co-filers Group filing | Open-market sale | 350 | $625.52 | $219k |
| 2025-12-11 | Levinson Frank H Director | Grant | 417 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2025-12-11 | Dowling Caroline Director | Grant | 417 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2025-12-11 | Bahrami Homa Director | Grant | 417 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2025-12-11 | Kelly Thomas F Director | Grant | 417 | $0.00 | $0 |
Total return (dividends reinvested) vs the market, from quarter-end prices.
Above 0 = ahead of the S&P 500 since the window start; below 0 = behind. Rising means it's pulling ahead.
How far the stock fell below its prior peak. Deeper, longer drawdowns = a rougher ride to the same return.
Quarter-end, dividend-adjusted (total return). Beta & volatility from quarterly returns (annualized). Benchmark is the S&P 500 (SPY total return). Annual returns compound the quarters ending in each calendar year; the first and last years in a window may be partial. Past performance doesn't predict future results.
EOD close · as of 2026-10-30
Where each multiple sits in its own 15-yr range · 80th pct blended
Dot = today · shaded = middle 50% · line = median. Lower percentile = cheaper vs its own 15-yr history.
Is the profit real, and how strong is the balance sheet?
FY2026 · every deduction from revenue to net income
DuPont — the three levers
ROE 19% against ROIC 19% — 0% of the return on equity comes from leverage and buybacks rather than from the operating business.
Equity is the year-end figure. On average equity over the two year-ends, ROE is 21.3% — the two diverge when buybacks or issuance move equity during the year.
What the company owes vs. what it holds
This shows debt/cash structure and net leverage. The year-by-year maturity schedule is on the Debt & Leverage tab.
Latest year: profit growth vs revenue growth
Low operating leverage — profit tracks sales closely (stable, less cyclical).
Each line as % of revenue — the trend in color
| % of revenue | FY2019 | FY2020 | FY2021 | FY2022 | FY2023 | FY2024 | FY2025 | FY2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of Revenue | 88.7 | 88.7 | 88.2 | 87.7 | 87.3 | 87.6 | 87.9 | 88.0 |
| Gross Profit | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.8 | 12.3 | 12.7 | 12.4 | 12.1 | 12.0 |
| SG&A | 3.5 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.0 |
| Operating Income | 7.7 | 7.2 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 10.0 |
| Income Tax | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.8 |
| Net Income | 7.6 | 6.9 | 7.9 | 8.9 | 9.4 | 10.3 | 9.7 | 10.2 |
Green = margin-favorable vs the row's own range · red = unfavorable.
The metrics that matter, over time
A 30-second read on FN: price, valuation and headline fundamentals from SEC filings. The four questions at the top of the page are where the judgements live.
Earns 8.17pts above its cost of capital, but margins are compressing.
| Period | ROIC | Cost of capital | Spread |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2020 | 12.7% | 13.3% (today's — no rate published for this year) | -0.6pts |
| FY2021 | 15.4% | 13.3% (today's — no rate published for this year) | 2.1pts |
| FY2022 | 16.5% | 8.7% | 7.8pts |
| FY2023 | 17.6% | 9.2% | 8.4pts |
| FY2024 | 18.1% | 10.4% | 7.8pts |
| FY2025 | 16.9% | 13.3% (today's — no rate published for this year) | 3.6pts |
| FY2026 | 19.2% | 12.9% | 6.3pts |
| Now | 19.3% | 13.3% | 6.0pts |
| Fiscal year | Gross margin | Operating margin | Net margin |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2017 | 12.1% | 7.5% | 6.8% |
| FY2018 | 11.2% | 6.8% | 6.1% |
| FY2019 | 11.3% | 7.7% | 7.6% |
| FY2020 | 11.3% | 7.2% | 6.9% |
| FY2021 | 11.8% | 8.0% | 7.9% |
| FY2022 | 12.3% | 9.0% | 8.9% |
| FY2023 | 12.7% | 9.5% | 9.4% |
| FY2024 | 12.4% | 9.6% | 10.3% |
| FY2025 | 12.1% | 9.5% | 9.7% |
| FY2026 | 12.0% | 10.0% | 10.2% |
Return on equity (19%) and return on invested capital (19%) are within a couple of points in FY2026, so the headline return is the operating return — there is no meaningful leverage effect to strip out.
Margins have compressed 3 years running even as the spread stayed positive.
Cash conversion of 0.53x sits below the level that would make the earnings clearly cash-backed.
Reported free cash flow is $4M; after share-based compensation it is -$30M. The difference is a real cost that the cash flow statement adds back.
Covers interest 3857.4x even after a 30% EBITDA decline.
| EBITDA decline | Interest coverage |
|---|---|
| 0% | 5510.56x |
| 5% | 5235.03x |
| 10% | 4959.50x |
| 15% | 4683.98x |
| 20% | 4408.45x |
| 25% | 4132.92x |
| 30% | 3857.39x |
| 35% | 3581.86x |
| 40% | 3306.34x |
| 45% | 3030.81x |
| 50% | 2755.28x |
| 55% | 2479.75x |
| 60% | 2204.22x |
This schedule comes from a filing dated 2022-09-30, 1492 days old. Maturities are shown relative to that date, not to today.
Ladder as of 2022-09-30 (10-Q); cash from the 2026-06-26 balance sheet; FCF from FY2026.
Balance sheet at 2026-06-26. Undrawn revolving credit is not shown: the tag is collected but not yet mapped through to the API.
Operating leases are $4,013,000 of the $4,013,000 total — a fixed obligation that does not appear in a headline debt figure.
At $327.29, free cash flow must compound 29.68%/yr for 10 years. It has done -41.77%/yr over 6 years.
| Fiscal year | FCF growth | Price requires |
|---|---|---|
| FY2021 | −29.8% | 29.7% |
| FY2022 | −54.5% | 29.7% |
| FY2023 | 338.4% | 29.7% |
| FY2024 | 140.6% | 29.7% |
| FY2025 | −43.3% | 29.7% |
| FY2026 | −98.0% | 29.7% |
The percentile ranks the FISCAL-YEAR point, because the distribution behind each strip is built from fiscal-year closes — ranking a TTM figure inside it would compare two different bases. TTM basis: TTM.
The implied rate has been matched or beaten in 2 of the last 6 years.
| Step | Amount | Running total |
|---|---|---|
| Net income | $473M | $473M |
| Share-based comp | $35M | $508M |
| Other non-cash & working capital | −$251M | $257M |
| Operating cash flow | $257M | $257M |
| Capex | −$253M | $4M |
| Free cash flow | $4M | $4M |
| FCF after SBC | −$30M | −$30M |
| Fiscal year | Revenue growth | Receivables growth | Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2021 | 14.5% | 23.4% | 9.0 points |
| FY2022 | 20.4% | 34.5% | 14.1 points |
| FY2023 | 16.9% | 17.5% | 0.5 points |
| FY2024 | 9.0% | 11.4% | 2.4 points |
| FY2025 | 18.6% | 28.1% | 9.5 points |
| FY2026 | 35.7% | 34.1% | -1.6 points |
| Fiscal year | DSO | DIO | DPO | Cash conversion cycle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2020 | 60.6 days | 77.7 days | 63.1 days | 75.2 days |
| FY2021 | 65.4 days | 92.9 days | 76.3 days | 82 days |
| FY2022 | 73 days | 102.5 days | 80.9 days | 94.6 days |
| FY2023 | 73.4 days | 82.1 days | 60.2 days | 95.3 days |
| FY2024 | 75 days | 66.9 days | 63.8 days | 78.1 days |
| FY2025 | 81 days | 70.5 days | 77.4 days | 74.2 days |
| FY2026 | 80.1 days | 91.3 days | 89.9 days | 81.4 days |
| Fiscal year | Accruals / assets |
|---|---|
| FY2020 | -2.7 percent |
| FY2021 | 1.6 percent |
| FY2022 | 4.2 percent |
| FY2023 | 1.8 percent |
| FY2024 | -5.0 percent |
| FY2025 | 0.1 percent |
| FY2026 | 5.5 percent |
Below the line, the asset base is being consumed faster than it is replaced.
Depreciation here includes amortisation of acquired intangibles — goodwill written down over time, customer lists, acquired technology. Capex does not replace those and is not meant to, so an acquisitive or asset-light company sits below 1.0 permanently and correctly. The signal is cleanest for capital-intensive businesses, where the two measure the same physical base. For that reason this informs the earnings-quality verdict but never caps it.
SBC is added back inside operating cash flow, so reported free cash flow treats shares issued to employees as free. Percent of revenue says how expensive the payroll is; percent of operating cash flow says how much of the cash exists only because the charge was added back. The buyback offset is buybacks over SBC — below 1.0 the repurchase does not cover the shares issued.
Figures are the latest fiscal year (FY2026) from the company's own filings, not a trailing-twelve-month window — Q2 reads fiscal years throughout so the cash-conversion ratios and these share one basis. A blank is a line the filer did not report; it is never read as zero.