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Data as of Q3 2026
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Solve the discounted cash flow backwards, then stress-test the assumptions.
Average free cash flow across the last 3 positive fiscal years (FY2023, FY2025, FY2025). Smooths the cycle. Stock compensation is NOT charged — it is added back inside operating cash flow.
To be worth $22.50 today, the market must believe free cash flow compounds 8.3%/yr for a decade (off $367.0M on the 3-yr avg basis).
On the basis ($294.1M) the requirement is 11.2%/yr. Shares issued to employees are added back in operating cash flow, so this basis treats them as free.
The market's 8.3% is more optimistic than its 9-yr track record.
Default is 9.0% — this company's computed cost of capital (computed WACC), the same rate the Analysis tab discounts at.
2-stage DCF · 0.38B shares (market data) · net debt $281.3M
mean 57.0% · volatility σ 173% · implied rate exceeded in 4/8 yrs
Central path = implied 8.3%/yr growth; shaded band = ±1σ (173%) of this company's historical FCF volatility, widening with time. The wider the band, the less certain the growth.
Reverse DCF: rather than guessing a fair value, we solve for the growth the current price implies, then you stress-test the assumptions. Enterprise value of the FCF stream, less net debt, ÷ shares. Educational — not a recommendation.
What the company returns to shareholders — and whether it's covered by cash.
The dividend is comfortably covered — only 69% of free cash flow, leaving room to grow it and fund buybacks. Last year: $212.9M dividends + $30.5M buybacks = $243.4M returned on $308.2M FCF.
5 consecutive years of dividend increases · -11%/yr.
Yields use the latest fiscal-year dividends/buybacks over current market cap. Dividends and buybacks from the SEC cash-flow statement; payout coverage vs net income and free cash flow. Educational — not a recommendation.
How management deployed cash over 10 years — and what it earned on reinvestment.
A balanced mix of reinvestment and shareholder returns.
Modest payoff on reinvested capital. Current ROIC on all capital: 17%. Rough measure (includes maintenance capex).
Cash uses aggregated from the SEC cash-flow statement over 10 fiscal years. "Return on reinvestment" is a rough proxy — operating-income change ÷ cumulative CapEx + M&A — and includes maintenance capex. Educational — not a recommendation.
EOD close · as of 2026-10-30
How a revenue dollar becomes profit — FY2025
Dividends and buybacks are cash paid out, shown here against the same year's profit for scale — not funded from it.
Each value shows its share of revenue below it (common-size).
| Line Item | FY2025 | FY2025 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | FY2020 | FY2019 | FY2018 | FY2017 | FY2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $6.28B 100.0% | $6.03B 100.0% | $5.84B 100.0% | $6.17B 100.0% | $5.76B 100.0% | $4.45B 100.0% | $5.76B 100.0% | $5.58B 100.0% | $4.90B 100.0% | $4.55B 100.0% |
| Cost of Revenue | $2.40B 38.3% | $2.37B 39.4% | $2.48B 42.5% | $2.62B 42.5% | $2.42B 41.9% | $2.10B 47.2% | $2.66B 46.2% | $2.58B 46.2% | $2.34B 47.7% | $2.22B 48.8% |
| Cost of Products | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $2.58B 46.2% | $2.34B 47.7% | $2.22B 48.8% |
| Gross Profit | $3.88B 61.7% | $3.66B 60.6% | $3.36B 57.5% | $3.55B 57.5% | $3.35B 58.1% | $2.35B 52.8% | $3.10B 53.8% | $3.00B 53.8% | $2.56B 52.3% | $2.33B 51.2% |
| Selling, General & Admin | $3.17B 50.5% | $3.09B 51.3% | $2.90B 49.6% | $2.88B 46.7% | $2.66B 46.2% | $2.35B 52.7% | $2.53B 44.0% | $2.46B 44.1% | $2.08B 42.5% | $1.87B 41.0% |
| Total Operating Expenses | — | — | — | — | $407.6M 7.1% | $496.6M 11.2% | $397.7M 6.9% | — | — | — |
| Operating Income | $677.6M 10.8% | $262.7M 4.4% | $354.4M 6.1% | $646.5M 10.5% | $686.2M 11.9% | -$85.1M -1.9% | $566.7M 9.8% | $540.4M 9.7% | $480.1M 9.8% | $462.2M 10.2% |
| Interest Expense | $48.6M 0.8% | $41.8M 0.7% | $45.9M 0.8% | $25.7M 0.4% | $72.9M 1.3% | $82.2M 1.8% | $66.2M 1.1% | $55.3M 1.0% | $68.6M 1.4% | $73.2M 1.6% |
| Other Income (Expense), net | $5.0M 0.1% | -$3.3M -0.1% | -$42.2M -0.7% | $28.8M 0.5% | $3.4M 0.1% | -$22.4M -0.5% | $2.0M 0.0% | $14.9M 0.3% | -$39.9M -0.8% | $18.2M 0.4% |
| Pretax Income | $634.0M 10.1% | $217.6M 3.6% | $266.3M 4.6% | $649.6M 10.5% | $580.2M 10.1% | -$189.7M -4.3% | $477.6M 8.3% | $500.0M 9.0% | $348.8M 7.1% | $407.3M 8.9% |
| Income Tax Expense | $132.0M 2.1% | $7.2M 0.1% | $15.7M 0.3% | $80.5M 1.3% | $26.7M 0.5% | -$62.6M -1.4% | $82.6M 1.4% | $214.8M 3.9% | $64.2M 1.3% | $116.1M 2.5% |
| Net Income | $578.1M 9.2% | $210.6M 3.5% | $249.6M 4.3% | $569.1M 9.2% | $553.5M 9.6% | -$127.1M -2.9% | $394.6M 6.8% | $283.1M 5.1% | $281.4M 5.7% | $291.1M 6.4% |
| Per Share | ||||||||||
| EPS (Basic) | $1.46 | $0.53 | $0.63 | $1.43 | $1.38 | -$0.32 | $1.01 | $0.75 | $0.75 | — |
| EPS (Diluted) | $1.45 | $0.52 | $0.62 | $1.41 | $1.35 | -$0.32 | $0.97 | $0.73 | $0.73 | — |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Basic) | 395.5M | 398.2M | 397.2M | 397.3M | 401.6M | 397.3M | 389.1M | 377.1M | 376.2M | — |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Diluted) | 399.7M | 402.4M | 401.7M | 403.8M | 409.8M | 397.3M | 408.4M | 388.6M | 384.3M | — |
Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL filings (annual, fiscal year). Quarterly flow items are derived from cumulative filings; balance-sheet figures are as-of each period end. Ratios and margins are computed, not reported.
How much the company owes, how it's trended, and how comfortably it's serviced.
Cash of $757.9M covers the $0 due within a year 757900000.0× over. Scheduled principal only (excludes interest & revolver draws). As of 2025-11-30 (10-K).
Green ≤ 1.5× · amber ≤ 3× · red > 3× (leverage relative to cash earnings).
Interest is easily covered by operating profit. Effective rate ~4.7% on $1.04B of debt.
Cash of $757.9M fully covers short-term debt of $0.
Mostly long-term debt (balance-sheet current vs non-current split). See the maturity ladder above for the year-by-year repayment schedule.
Debt, cash, interest and equity from the SEC balance sheet & income statement. Effective rate = interest ÷ average debt. Maturity ladder from the SEC long-term-debt repayment schedule. Educational — not a recommendation.
Total shares institutions bought (green) vs sold (red) each quarter across all holders.
Inferred from quarter-over-quarter change in each fund's 13F position (new stakes count as buys, exits as sells). Not tick-level trades.
Ranked against 13 sector peers with collected financials. Valuation from latest close × latest fiscal-year fundamentals; 13F conviction as of 2026-09-30.
Percentile is “goodness” within the peer set (100 = best). For valuation and leverage that means cheaper / less-levered ranks higher.
| Company | Mkt cap ▼ | P/E | EV/EBITDA | P/S | Rev gr | Gross | Net | ROE | ROIC | Net D/EBITDA | 13F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTAS | $86.6B | 44.4× | 28.4× | 7.7× | 8.9% | 50.7% | 17.8% | 38.9% | 26.4% | 0.7× | 446 |
| RL | $23.9B | 26.5× | 16.4× | 2.9× | 14.6% | 69.9% | 11.6% | 33.1% | 23.1% | -0.5× | 193 |
| LULU | $12.7B | 8.3× | 4.7× | 1.1× | 4.9% | 56.6% | 14.2% | 31.8% | 31.8% | 0.0× | 199 |
| LEVI | $8.7B | 15.6× | 10.1× | 1.4× | 4.1% | 61.7% | 9.2% | 25.4% | 17.4% | 0.3× | 57 |
| VFC | $7.2B | 28.6× | — | 0.8× | 1.1% | 54.8% | 2.7% | 13.8% | 4.7% | — | 145 |
| KTB | $4.1B | 18.7× | 13.6× | 1.3× | 20.9% | 45.2% | 7.2% | 40.3% | 13.3% | 2.8× | 91 |
| PVH | $4.1B | 169.8× | 11.3× | 0.5× | 3.4% | 57.5% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 3.2× | 82 |
| FIGS | $3.6B | 113.5× | 74.2× | 5.7× | 13.6% | 66.5% | 5.4% | 7.8% | 7.8% | -1.7× | 31 |
| COLM | $3.3B | 19.7× | 10.7× | 1.0× | 0.9% | 50.5% | 5.2% | 10.4% | 10.4% | -1.7× | 64 |
| GIII | $1.3B | 20.1× | 6.8× | 0.4× | -7.0% | 39.4% | 2.3% | 3.8% | 3.8% | -3.0× | 40 |
| CRI | $1.2B | 13.2× | 6.7× | 0.4× | 1.9% | 45.4% | 3.2% | 9.9% | 6.2% | 0.4× | 54 |
| OXM | $429M | — | 21.5× | 0.3× | -2.6% | 60.7% | -1.9% | -5.4% | -4.4% | 4.3× | 25 |
| JILL | $353M | 13.1× | — | 0.6× | -2.3% | 68.7% | 4.7% | 23.0% | 14.3% | — | 14 |
| SGC | $201M | 27.4× | — | 0.4× | 0.1% | 37.6% | 1.2% | 3.6% | 2.4% | — | 21 |
Peers = companies sharing LEVI's sector (Apparel & Other Finishd Prods of Fabrics & Similar Matl) with collected SEC financials. Multiples use the most recent end-of-day close and latest fiscal-year fundamentals (trailing, not forward). Missing cells mean the peer never reported that line item, has no collected price, or has a non-positive denominator. Not investment advice.
Top 40 institutional holders — bubble size is position value, color is the move since last quarter. Hover any holder for detail.
Drag any bubble to rearrange · size = dollar value of the position
Total return (dividends reinvested) vs the market, from quarter-end prices.
Above 0 = ahead of the S&P 500 since the window start; below 0 = behind. Rising means it's pulling ahead.
How far the stock fell below its prior peak. Deeper, longer drawdowns = a rougher ride to the same return.
Quarter-end, dividend-adjusted (total return). Beta & volatility from quarterly returns (annualized). Benchmark is the S&P 500 (SPY total return). Annual returns compound the quarters ending in each calendar year; the first and last years in a window may be partial. Past performance doesn't predict future results.
Last reported position per insider, carried forward. Steps can be a holding disclosed for the first time rather than a trade.
| Date | Insider | What it was | Shares | Price | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | Davis Timothy Joseph SVP, Global Controller | Tax withholding | 1,899 | $19.92 | $38k |
| 2026-08-05 | Jones Jeffrey J Ii Director | Grant | 67 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | 2 co-filers Group filing | Grant | 85 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | Prime Joshua E Director | Grant |
Every row is classified by what it MEANT, not by its SEC code. A code is not a meaning: code P (“purchase”) also covers dividend reinvestment and employee stock purchase plans, and code S (“sale”) also covers 10b5-1 plan sales scheduled months earlier and option exercises sold the same day.
Across 30 days of all filings, $5.08bn of insider selling contained $3.50bn of plan sales and $0.46bn of exercise-and-sell. Only 29% was discretionary. Reading an unclassified feed badly overstates how much insiders decided.
Buys and sales are counted separately and never netted. They are different decisions by different people; a company where one officer bought while another sold is not “neutral”.
The holding line carries each insider's last reported position forward, so it shows the total held rather than a sawtooth of whoever traded that day. It covers only insiders who filed in the window.
“Filed late” counts calendar days past the two-business-day deadline with five days' grace, so a Thursday or Friday trade crossing a weekend is never flagged. It describes the company's filing discipline, not the trade.
Insider activity is descriptive. Nothing here is investment advice.
| 106 |
| $0.00 |
| $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | Geballe Daniel W Director | Grant | 130 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | Garten Yael Director | Grant | 156 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | 2 co-filers Group filing | Grant | 381 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | 2 co-filers Group filing | Grant | 54 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | 2 co-filers Group filing | Grant | 54 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | Patrick Artemis Director | Grant | 68 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | Marberger David S Director | Grant | 73 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | 2 co-filers Group filing | Grant | 304 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-08-05 | 2 co-filers Group filing | Grant | 104 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-08-05 | 2 co-filers Group filing | Grant | 293 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-08-05 | 2 co-filers Group filing | Grant | 92 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-29 | Flore Gianluca EVP & Chief Commercial Officer | Tax withholding | 27,429 | $24.67 | $677k |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Other | 17,425 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 65,789 | $20.25 | $1.3m |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 50,607 | $21.35 | $1.1m |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 73,616 | $21.00 | $1.5m |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 66,207 | $17.79 | $1.2m |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 47,710 | $16.58 | $791k |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 31,547 | $19.03 | $600k |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Tax withholding | 256,918 | $24.34 | $6.3m |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Tax withholding | 47,839 | $24.28 | $1.2m |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | 10b5-1 plan sale | 98,144 | $24.22 | $2.4m |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 89,440 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 89,440 | $14.88 | — |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Tax withholding | 72,015 | $24.34 | — |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Other | 17,425 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 65,789 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 50,607 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 73,616 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 66,207 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 47,710 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-23 | 20 co-filers EVP & Chief Fin. & Growth Ofc. | Option exercise | 31,547 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-06-12 | 6 co-filers Group filing | Otherindirect | 202,135 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-12 | 6 co-filers Group filing | 10b5-1 plan saleindirect | 202,135 | $24.02 | $4.9m |
| 2026-06-12 | 6 co-filers Group filing | Otherindirect | 202,135 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-06-12 | 6 co-filers Group filing | Other | 0 | $0.00 | — |
EOD close · as of 2026-10-30
Where each multiple sits in its own 7-yr range · 51th pct blended
Dot = today · shaded = middle 50% · line = median. Lower percentile = cheaper vs its own 7-yr history.
Is the profit real, and how strong is the balance sheet?
FY2025 · every deduction from revenue to net income
DuPont — the three levers
ROE 25% against ROIC 17% — 8% of the return on equity comes from leverage and buybacks rather than from the operating business.
Equity is the year-end figure. On average equity over the two year-ends, ROE is 27.2% — the two diverge when buybacks or issuance move equity during the year.
What the company owes vs. what it holds
This shows debt/cash structure and net leverage. The year-by-year maturity schedule is on the Debt & Leverage tab.
Latest year: profit growth vs revenue growth
High operating leverage: profit moved 38.1× as fast as sales — great in an upturn, painful in a downturn.
Each line as % of revenue — the trend in color
| % of revenue | FY2018 | FY2019 | FY2020 | FY2021 | FY2022 | FY2023 | FY2025 | FY2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of Revenue | 46.2 | 46.2 | 47.2 | 41.9 | 42.5 | 42.5 | 39.4 | 38.3 |
| Gross Profit | 53.8 | 53.8 | 52.8 | 58.1 | 57.5 | 57.5 | 60.6 | 61.7 |
| SG&A | 44.1 | 44.0 | 52.7 | 46.2 | 46.7 | 49.6 | 51.3 | 50.5 |
| Operating Income | 9.7 | 9.8 | -1.9 | 11.9 | 10.5 | 6.1 | 4.4 | 10.8 |
| Income Tax | 3.9 | 1.4 | -1.4 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2.1 |
| Net Income | 5.1 | 6.8 | -2.9 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 9.2 |
Green = margin-favorable vs the row's own range · red = unfavorable.
The metrics that matter, over time
A 30-second read on LEVI: price, valuation and headline fundamentals from SEC filings. The four questions at the top of the page are where the judgements live.
Earns 6.28pts above its cost of capital, without much margin of safety.
| Period | ROIC | Cost of capital | Spread |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2019 | 29.0% | 9.0% (today's — no rate published for this year) | 20.0pts |
| FY2020 | -3.0% | 9.0% (today's — no rate published for this year) | -12.0pts |
| FY2021 | 19.2% | 7.5% | 11.7pts |
| FY2022 | 15.8% | 8.2% | 7.6pts |
| FY2023 | 8.1% | 9.3% | -1.2pts |
| FY2025 | 6.6% | 7.9% | -1.3pts |
| FY2025 | 15.4% | 7.9% | 7.5pts |
| Now | 17.4% | 9.0% | 8.4pts |
| Fiscal year | Gross margin | Operating margin | Net margin |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2016 | 51.2% | 10.2% | 6.4% |
| FY2017 | 52.3% | 9.8% | 5.7% |
| FY2018 | 53.8% | 9.7% | 5.1% |
| FY2019 | 53.8% | 9.8% | 6.8% |
| FY2020 | 52.8% | -1.9% | -2.9% |
| FY2021 | 58.1% | 11.9% | 9.6% |
| FY2022 | 57.5% | 10.5% | 9.2% |
| FY2023 | 57.5% | 6.1% | 4.3% |
| FY2025 | 60.6% | 4.4% | 3.5% |
| FY2025 | 61.7% | 10.8% | 9.2% |
Leverage and buybacks account for 8 points of the 25% return on equity in FY2025. The business earns 17% on the capital it employs; the rest is balance sheet.
ROE is on average equity; ROIC is NOPAT over average invested capital (debt plus equity less excess cash). The gap is not a single adjustment.
$285M of goodwill — 7% of invested capital. The gap is what was paid above the fair value of what was bought; it is real capital shareholders provided, so neither bar is the whole answer.
The spread was positive in only 3 of the last 5 years.
Converts 1.03x of reported profit into cash — adequate, without much margin.
Reported free cash flow is $308M; after share-based compensation it is $227M. The difference is a real cost that the cash flow statement adds back.
Covers interest 9.8x even after a 30% EBITDA decline.
| EBITDA decline | Interest coverage |
|---|---|
| 0% | 13.94x |
| 5% | 13.25x |
| 10% | 12.55x |
| 15% | 11.85x |
| 20% | 11.15x |
| 25% | 10.46x |
| 30% | 9.76x |
| 35% | 9.06x |
| 40% | 8.37x |
| 45% | 7.67x |
| 50% | 6.97x |
| 55% | 6.27x |
| 60% | 5.58x |
Ladder as of 2025-11-30 (10-K); cash from the 2025-11-30 balance sheet; FCF from FY2025.
Balance sheet at 2025-11-30. Undrawn revolving credit is not shown: the tag is collected but not yet mapped through to the API.
Operating leases are $1,266,300,000 of the $2,305,500,000 total — a fixed obligation that does not appear in a headline debt figure.
At $22.61, free cash flow must compound 10.07%/yr for 10 years. It has done 4.49%/yr over 6 years.
| Fiscal year | FCF growth | Price requires |
|---|---|---|
| FY2020 | 43.2% | 10.1% |
| FY2021 | 68.2% | 10.1% |
| FY2022 | −106.8% | 10.1% |
| FY2025 | 450.4% | 10.1% |
| FY2025 | −54.1% | 10.1% |
The percentile ranks the FISCAL-YEAR point, because the distribution behind each strip is built from fiscal-year closes — ranking a TTM figure inside it would compare two different bases. TTM basis: TTM (share count from the last fiscal year — the TTM window reports none).
The implied rate has been matched or beaten in 3 of the last 5 years.
| Step | Amount | Running total |
|---|---|---|
| Net income | $578M | $578M |
| Share-based comp | $82M | $660M |
| Other non-cash & working capital | −$130M | $530M |
| Operating cash flow | $530M | $530M |
| Capex | −$221M | $308M |
| Free cash flow | $308M | $308M |
| FCF after SBC | $227M | $227M |
| Fiscal year | Revenue growth | Receivables growth | Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2020 | -22.7% | -31.0% | -8.3 points |
| FY2021 | 29.4% | 31.0% | 1.5 points |
| FY2022 | 7.0% | -1.5% | -8.5 points |
| FY2023 | -5.3% | 8.0% | 13.3 points |
| FY2025 | 3.3% | -5.7% | -8.9 points |
| FY2025 | 4.1% | 9.1% | 5.0 points |
| Fiscal year | DSO | DIO | DPO | Cash conversion cycle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2019 | 49.6 days | 121.2 days | 49.4 days | 121.4 days |
| FY2020 | 44.3 days | 142.1 days | 65.3 days | 121.2 days |
| FY2021 | 44.8 days | 135.6 days | 79.2 days | 101.2 days |
| FY2022 | 41.2 days | 197.4 days | 91.6 days | 147.1 days |
| FY2023 | 47 days | 189.8 days | 83.5 days | 153.3 days |
| FY2025 | 43 days | 173.9 days | 102 days | 114.9 days |
| FY2025 | 45 days | 187.9 days | 90.7 days | 142.2 days |
| Fiscal year | Accruals / assets |
|---|---|
| FY2019 | -0.4 percent |
| FY2020 | -10.6 percent |
| FY2021 | -3.1 percent |
| FY2022 | 5.7 percent |
| FY2023 | -3.1 percent |
| FY2025 | -10.8 percent |
| FY2025 | 0.7 percent |
Below the line, the asset base is being consumed faster than it is replaced.
Depreciation here includes amortisation of acquired intangibles — goodwill written down over time, customer lists, acquired technology. Capex does not replace those and is not meant to, so an acquisitive or asset-light company sits below 1.0 permanently and correctly. The signal is cleanest for capital-intensive businesses, where the two measure the same physical base. For that reason this informs the earnings-quality verdict but never caps it.
SBC is added back inside operating cash flow, so reported free cash flow treats shares issued to employees as free. Percent of revenue says how expensive the payroll is; percent of operating cash flow says how much of the cash exists only because the charge was added back. The buyback offset is buybacks over SBC — below 1.0 the repurchase does not cover the shares issued.
Figures are the latest fiscal year (FY2025) from the company's own filings, not a trailing-twelve-month window — Q2 reads fiscal years throughout so the cash-conversion ratios and these share one basis. A blank is a line the filer did not report; it is never read as zero.