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Strong institutional accumulation: ownership increased +18.08% quarter-over-quarter.
Data as of Q1 2026
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Total shares institutions bought (green) vs sold (red) each quarter across all holders.
Inferred from quarter-over-quarter change in each fund's 13F position (new stakes count as buys, exits as sells). Not tick-level trades.
Solve the discounted cash flow backwards, then stress-test the assumptions.
To be worth $2.42 today, the market must believe free cash flow compounds -1.2%/yr for a decade (off $6M normalized FCF).
2-stage DCF · 0.00B shares (market data) · net debt $61M
mean -290.7% · volatility σ 114% · implied rate exceeded in 0/2 yrs
Central path = implied -1.2%/yr growth; shaded band = ±1σ (114%) of this company's historical FCF volatility, widening with time. The wider the band, the less certain the growth.
Reverse DCF: rather than guessing a fair value, we solve for the growth the current price implies, then you stress-test the assumptions. Enterprise value of the FCF stream, less net debt, ÷ shares. Educational — not a recommendation.
Top 4 institutional holders — bubble size is position value, color is the move since last quarter. Hover any holder for detail.
Drag any bubble to rearrange · size = dollar value of the position
Total return (dividends reinvested) vs the market, from quarter-end prices.
Above 0 = ahead of the S&P 500 since the window start; below 0 = behind. Rising means it's pulling ahead.
How far the stock fell below its prior peak. Deeper, longer drawdowns = a rougher ride to the same return.
Quarter-end, dividend-adjusted (total return). Beta & volatility from quarterly returns (annualized). Benchmark is the S&P 500 (SPY total return). Annual returns compound the quarters ending in each calendar year; the first and last years in a window may be partial. Past performance doesn't predict future results.
EOD close · as of 2026-08-05 · 16d old
How a revenue dollar becomes profit — FY2025
Each value shows its share of revenue below it (common-size).
| Line Item | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | FY2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $22.9M 100.0% | $30.3M 100.0% | $20.3M 100.0% | $26.9M 100.0% | $18.6M 100.0% | $14.1M 100.0% |
| Cost of Revenue | $18.0M 78.7% | $26.3M 86.8% | $15.3M 75.3% | $20.3M 75.4% | $12.9M 69.3% | $10.3M 73.1% |
| Gross Profit | $4.9M 21.3% | $4.0M 13.2% | $5.0M 24.7% | $6.6M 24.6% | $5.7M 30.7% | $3.8M 26.9% |
| Research & Development | $1.6M 7.0% | $1.7M 5.5% | $1.2M 5.8% | $932K 3.5% | $987K 5.3% | $605K 4.3% |
| Selling, General & Admin | $4.0M 17.5% | $2.3M 7.6% | $2.0M 10.0% | $930K 3.5% | $691K 3.7% | $545K 3.9% |
| Total Operating Expenses | $6.5M 28.5% | $5.6M 18.3% | $4.3M 21.1% | $2.6M 9.5% | $2.2M 12.0% | $1.5M 10.6% |
| Operating Income | -$1.6M -7.2% | -$1.6M -5.1% | $741K 3.6% | $4.1M 15.1% | $3.5M 18.7% | $2.3M 16.3% |
| Interest Expense | -$48K -0.2% | $139K 0.5% | $403K 2.0% | $473K 1.8% | $418K 2.2% | $246K 1.7% |
| Interest & Investment Income | $390K 1.7% | $11K 0.0% | $88K 0.4% | $27K 0.1% | $34K 0.2% | $16K 0.1% |
| Other Income (Expense), net | $281K 1.2% | $377K 1.2% | $671K 3.3% | -$155K -0.6% | $211K 1.1% | $290K 2.1% |
| Pretax Income | -$1.4M -6.0% | -$1.2M -3.9% | $1.4M 6.9% | $3.9M 14.5% | $3.7M 19.8% | $2.6M 18.4% |
| Income Tax Expense | $29K 0.1% | -$66K -0.2% | $193K 1.0% | $438K 1.6% | $302K 1.6% | $386K 2.7% |
| Net Income | -$1.4M -6.1% | -$1.1M -3.7% | $1.2M 6.0% | $3.5M 12.9% | $3.4M 18.2% | $2.2M 15.7% |
| Per Share | ||||||
| EPS (Basic) | $-27.28 | $-98.34 | $223.43 | $0.38 | $2.40 | $221.34 |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Basic) | 51K | 11K | 5K | 9.1M | 1.4M | 10K |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Diluted) | 51K | 11K | 5K | 9.1M | 1.4M | 10K |
Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL filings (annual, fiscal year). Quarterly flow items are derived from cumulative filings; balance-sheet figures are as-of each period end. Ratios and margins are computed, not reported.
Is the value real, and is the business safe? Academic scores + earnings quality + solvency, from SEC filings.
2/8 of the 9 checks — 1 couldn't be scored (see above), so the score is out of the 8 with data.
Insufficient balance-sheet detail (needs retained earnings, working capital, equity).
Eight indices comparing this year to last (receivables, margins, asset quality, growth, accruals, leverage). Above −1.78 suggests possible manipulation; below −2.22 is clean.
A screen, not proof — high growth alone can raise it.
Cash-conversion data unavailable. Lower/negative accruals = higher quality (Sloan).
Coverage data unavailable; leverage falling year-over-year.
F-Score (0–9 fundamental momentum), Altman Z (distress risk), and Beneish M (earnings-manipulation screen) are academic models computed from the SEC filings. Screens and context — educational, not recommendations.
What the company returns to shareholders — and whether it's covered by cash.
No dividend to cover. Last year: $0 dividends + $0 buybacks = $0 returned on -$8M FCF.
Yields use the latest fiscal-year dividends/buybacks over current market cap. Dividends and buybacks from the SEC cash-flow statement; payout coverage vs net income and free cash flow. Educational — not a recommendation.
How management deployed cash over 6 years — and what it earned on reinvestment.
A reinvestment story — most cash went back into growth rather than to shareholders.
Operating income fell despite reinvestment — a warning on capital productivity. Current ROIC on all capital: -1%. Rough measure (includes maintenance capex).
Cash uses aggregated from the SEC cash-flow statement over 6 fiscal years. "Return on reinvestment" is a rough proxy — operating-income change ÷ cumulative CapEx + M&A — and includes maintenance capex. Educational — not a recommendation.
How much the company owes, how it's trended, and how comfortably it's serviced.
Green ≤ 1.5× · amber ≤ 3× · red > 3× (leverage relative to cash earnings).
Thin coverage — earnings barely cover interest. Effective rate ~0.1% on $61M of debt.
Cash of $436788 is below short-term debt of $58M — relies on refinancing/operations.
Mostly short-term debt (balance-sheet current vs non-current split). A year-by-year maturity schedule wasn't disclosed for this issuer.
Debt, cash, interest and equity from the SEC balance sheet & income statement. Effective rate = interest ÷ average debt. Educational — not a recommendation.
EOD close · as of 2026-08-05
No standout strengths flagged.
Where each multiple sits in its own 4-yr range
Dot = today · shaded = middle 50% · line = median. Lower percentile = cheaper vs its own 4-yr history.
Is the profit real, and how strong is the balance sheet?
FY2025 · every deduction from revenue to net income
DuPont — the three levers
Watch the leverage lever — a chunk of ROE comes from the balance sheet.
What the company owes vs. what it holds
Year-by-year maturities aren't in SEC companyfacts (footnote-only), so this shows the debt/cash structure and net leverage instead.
Latest year: profit growth vs revenue growth
Profit and sales moved in opposite directions this year.
Each line as % of revenue — the trend in color
| % of revenue | FY2020 | FY2021 | FY2022 | FY2023 | FY2024 | FY2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of Revenue | 73.1 | 69.3 | 75.4 | 75.3 | 86.8 | 78.7 |
| Gross Profit | 26.9 | 30.7 | 24.6 | 24.7 | 13.2 | 21.3 |
| R&D | 4.3 | 5.3 | 3.5 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 7.0 |
| SG&A | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 10.0 | 7.6 | 17.5 |
| Operating Income | 16.3 | 18.7 | 15.1 | 3.6 | -5.1 | -7.2 |
| Income Tax | 2.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.0 | -0.2 | 0.1 |
| Net Income | 15.7 | 18.2 | 12.9 | 6.0 | -3.7 | -6.1 |
Green = margin-favorable vs the row's own range · red = unfavorable.
The metrics that matter, over time
A 30-second read on RAYA: price, valuation, headline fundamentals, and an auto-generated scorecard from SEC filings. Flags are rule-based signals, not recommendations.
Ranked against 633 sector peers with collected financials. Valuation from latest close × latest fiscal-year fundamentals; 13F conviction as of 2026-03-31.
Percentile is “goodness” within the peer set (100 = best). For valuation and leverage that means cheaper / less-levered ranks higher.
| Company | Mkt cap ▼ | P/E | EV/EBITDA | P/S | Rev gr | Gross | Net | ROE | ROIC | Net D/EBITDA | 13F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LTM | $33.13T | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 160 |
| CAT | $405.3B | 46.3× | 32.2× | 6.0× | 4.3% | 33.8% | 13.1% | 41.7% | 15.4% | 2.7× | 3,616 |
| GE | $399.8B | 46.8× | — | 8.7× | 18.5% | — | 19.0% | 46.6% | 22.2% | — | 3,077 |
| RTX | $298.4B | 44.8× | 21.3× | 3.4× | 9.7% | — | 7.6% | 10.3% | 10.3% | 0.0× | 3,277 |
| ABBNY | $187.8B | 50.7× | 33.5× | 5.8× | 9.5% | 34.8% | 11.9% | 28.5% | 20.4% | 0.9× | 48 |
| UNP | $175.3B | 24.7× | 16.7× | 7.2× | 1.1% | — | 29.1% | 38.7% | 14.2% | 2.6× | 2,648 |
| ETN | $173.5B | 42.8× | — | 6.3× | 10.3% | 37.6% | 14.9% | 21.0% | 13.9% | — | 2,398 |
| DE | $165.5B | 33.1× | — | 3.6× | -11.7% | — | 11.0% | 19.4% | 12.6% | — | 2,491 |
| HON | $157.6B | 33.7× | 18.9× | 4.2× | 7.8% | 36.9% | 12.6% | 34.0% | 9.8% | 3.6× | 2,694 |
| HTHIF | $153.6B | 0.7× | — | 0.0× | 3.9% | 25.2% | 2.6% | 16.6% | 7.4% | — | 2 |
| LMT | $132.3B | 26.9× | 17.0× | 1.8× | 5.6% | 10.2% | 6.7% | 74.6% | 18.4% | 2.4× | 2,807 |
| PH | $127.9B | 36.8× | 28.7× | 6.4× | -0.4% | 36.9% | 17.8% | 25.8% | 16.7% | 1.6× | 1,845 |
| HWM | $117.0B | 78.5× | 51.2× | 14.2× | 11.1% | — | 18.3% | 28.2% | 18.4% | 1.2× | 1,399 |
| ADP | $109.5B | 27.1× | — | 5.3× | 7.1% | 46.0% | 19.8% | 65.9% | 40.1% | — | 2,179 |
| TT | $107.8B | 37.3× | 26.5× | 5.1× | 7.5% | — | 13.7% | 34.0% | 22.1% | 1.1× | 1,658 |
| VRT | $106.3B | 81.5× | 50.3× | 10.4× | 27.7% | 36.3% | 13.0% | 33.8% | 19.5% | 1.4× | 1,748 |
| GD | $103.9B | 24.9× | 18.1× | 2.0× | 10.1% | — | 8.0% | 16.4% | 12.5% | 1.3× | 2,123 |
| PWR | $102.2B | 100.4× | 50.3× | 3.6× | 20.3% | 15.0% | 3.7% | 11.7% | 11.7% | 0.0× | 1,659 |
| JCI | $100.1B | 30.6× | — | 4.2× | 2.8% | 36.4% | 13.9% | 25.5% | 14.4% | — | 1,487 |
| MMM | $96.6B | 30.4× | 18.4× | 3.9× | 1.5% | 39.9% | 13.0% | 69.1% | 18.8% | 2.1× | 2,051 |
| CSX | $95.1B | 33.2× | 15.3× | 6.8× | -3.1% | — | 20.5% | 22.0% | 22.0% | — | 1,791 |
| EMR | $91.4B | 40.2× | — | 5.1× | 3.0% | 52.8% | 12.7% | 11.3% | 6.9% | — | 2,112 |
| UPS | $91.4B | 16.4× | 10.1× | 1.0× | -2.6% | — | 6.3% | 34.3% | 13.8% | 2.2× | 2,025 |
| WM | $90.4B | 33.5× | 12.7× | 3.6× | 14.2% | 40.4% | 10.7% | 27.1% | 25.3% | 0.1× | 2,262 |
| CMI | $89.7B | 31.7× | 16.9× | 2.7× | -1.3% | 25.3% | 8.8% | 23.9% | 23.9% | — | 1,877 |
| RAYA | $3M | — | — | 0.1× | -24.6% | 21.3% | -6.1% | -3.9% | -1.4% | -57.5× | 4 |
Peers = companies sharing RAYA's sector (Industrials) with collected SEC financials. Multiples use the most recent end-of-day close and latest fiscal-year fundamentals (trailing, not forward). Missing cells mean the peer never reported that line item, has no collected price, or has a non-positive denominator. Not investment advice.