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Held by 183 of 2,417 reporting institutions (94th percentile) — extremely crowded.
Data as of Q3 2026
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Ranked against 39 sector peers with collected financials. Valuation from latest close × latest fiscal-year fundamentals; 13F conviction as of 2026-09-30.
Percentile is “goodness” within the peer set (100 = best). For valuation and leverage that means cheaper / less-levered ranks higher.
| Company | Mkt cap ▼ | P/E | EV/EBITDA | P/S | Rev gr | Gross | Net | ROE | ROIC | Net D/EBITDA | 13F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LYB | $21.1B | — | 30.9× | 0.7× | -9.7% | 8.5% | -2.4% | -7.3% | -3.3% | 9.2× | 255 |
| DD | $19.0B | — | 25.8× | 2.8× | 1.9% | 34.5% | -11.4% | -5.6% | -4.6% | 3.0× | 6 |
| CF | $17.9B | 13.2× | 6.4× | 2.5× | 19.3% | 38.5% | 25.4% | 37.2% | 22.3% | 0.8× | 261 |
| EXEL | $16.4B | 23.8× | 17.7× | 7.1× | 7.0% | 96.4% | 33.7% | 36.2% | 36.2% | -0.5× | 196 |
| HALO | $14.9B | 51.2× | 35.2× | 10.7× | 37.6% | 83.6% | 22.7% | 649% | 14.5% | 4.2× | 187 |
| NBIX | $14.9B | 31.3× | 22.0× | 5.2× | 21.4% | 98.2% | 16.7% | 14.7% | 14.7% | -1.1× | 181 |
| RPM | $13.0B | 19.8× | 14.4× | 1.7× | 6.7% | 41.4% | 8.4% | 20.0% | 11.3% | 2.1× | 183 |
| RGEN | $12.0B | 219.3× | 126.0× | 16.2× | 16.4% | 52.3% | 6.6% | 2.3% | 1.8% | -0.3× | 109 |
| ELAN | $11.6B | — | — | 2.5× | 6.2% | 55.0% | -4.9% | -3.5% | -2.2% | — | 122 |
| TWST | $11.5B | — | — | 30.5× | 20.3% | 50.7% | -20.6% | -16.4% | -16.4% | — | 67 |
| TECH | $11.4B | 62.7× | 31.9× | 9.4× | -0.4% | 65.8% | 15.0% | 8.6% | 8.6% | -0.8× | 115 |
| BMRN | $11.1B | 31.9× | 21.3× | 3.5× | 12.9% | 77.7% | 10.8% | 5.7% | 5.2% | -1.5× | 119 |
| ALB | $11.0B | — | 43.1× | 2.1× | -4.4% | 13.0% | -9.9% | -5.4% | -4.0% | 5.4× | 210 |
| CLX | $10.7B | 13.6× | — | 1.5× | 0.2% | 45.2% | 11.4% | 252% | 28.9% | — | 312 |
| QGEN | $10.4B | 25.9× | 17.0× | 5.0× | 5.7% | 62.2% | 20.3% | 11.2% | 7.8% | 1.2× | — |
| SOLS | $9.9B | 42.0× | 18.6× | 2.6× | 3.1% | 32.2% | 6.1% | 16.8% | 7.0% | 2.4× | 273 |
| KRYS | $9.6B | 47.5× | 54.5× | 24.7× | 33.9% | — | 52.6% | 16.8% | 16.8% | -3.0× | 86 |
| CORT | $9.3B | 104.8× | 199.6× | 12.2× | 12.8% | 98.3% | 13.1% | 15.4% | 15.4% | -2.6× | 107 |
| TGTX | $8.9B | 21.0× | 73.4× | 14.4× | 87.3% | 83.7% | 72.6% | 69.0% | 50.0% | 1.4× | 99 |
| ESI | $8.6B | 44.8× | 19.5× | 3.4× | 3.8% | 42.0% | 7.5% | 7.1% | 4.4% | 2.0× | 97 |
| WLK | $8.4B | — | — | 0.8× | -8.0% | 7.3% | -13.5% | -17.2% | -10.5% | — | 66 |
| EMN | $7.8B | 16.6× | 10.3× | 0.9× | -6.7% | 21.1% | 5.4% | 8.0% | 4.4% | 3.6× | 169 |
| KNSA | $7.7B | 130.1× | 96.9× | 11.3× | 60.1% | 88.5% | 8.7% | 10.4% | 10.4% | -2.1× | 1 |
| ALKS | $7.6B | 31.7× | 25.7× | 5.2× | -5.2% | 86.7% | 16.4% | 13.3% | 13.3% | -1.4× | 74 |
| AMRX | $7.4B | 97.0× | 21.6× | 2.5× | 8.0% | 36.9% | 2.4% | -102% | 2.9% | 5.1× | 73 |
Peers = companies sharing RPM's sector (Paints, Varnishes, Lacquers, Enamels & Allied Prods) with collected SEC financials. Multiples use the most recent end-of-day close and latest fiscal-year fundamentals (trailing, not forward). Missing cells mean the peer never reported that line item, has no collected price, or has a non-positive denominator. Not investment advice.
Total shares institutions bought (green) vs sold (red) each quarter across all holders.
Inferred from quarter-over-quarter change in each fund's 13F position (new stakes count as buys, exits as sells). Not tick-level trades.
Solve the discounted cash flow backwards, then stress-test the assumptions.
Average free cash flow across the last 3 positive fiscal years (FY2024, FY2025, FY2026). Smooths the cycle. Stock compensation is NOT charged — it is added back inside operating cash flow.
To be worth $102.22 today, the market must believe free cash flow compounds 5.7%/yr for a decade (off $707.3M on the 3-yr avg basis).
On the basis ($678.7M) the requirement is 6.2%/yr. Shares issued to employees are added back in operating cash flow, so this basis treats them as free.
The market's 5.7% is more conservative than its 9-yr track record.
Default is 8.6% — this company's computed cost of capital (computed WACC), the same rate the Analysis tab discounts at.
2-stage DCF · 0.13B shares (market data) · net debt $2.22B
mean 28.8% · volatility σ 100% · implied rate exceeded in 5/8 yrs
Central path = implied 5.7%/yr growth; shaded band = ±1σ (100%) of this company's historical FCF volatility, widening with time. The wider the band, the less certain the growth.
Reverse DCF: rather than guessing a fair value, we solve for the growth the current price implies, then you stress-test the assumptions. Enterprise value of the FCF stream, less net debt, ÷ shares. Educational — not a recommendation.
Top 40 institutional holders — bubble size is position value, color is the move since last quarter. Hover any holder for detail.
Drag any bubble to rearrange · size = dollar value of the position
What the company returns to shareholders — and whether it's covered by cash.
The dividend is comfortably covered — only 40% of free cash flow, leaving room to grow it and fund buybacks. Last year: $271.7M dividends + $77.5M buybacks = $349.2M returned on $675.2M FCF.
9 consecutive years of dividend increases · 7%/yr.
Yields use the latest fiscal-year dividends/buybacks over current market cap. Dividends and buybacks from the SEC cash-flow statement; payout coverage vs net income and free cash flow. Educational — not a recommendation.
How management deployed cash over 10 years — and what it earned on reinvestment.
A cash-return story — far more went to shareholders than back into the business (mature, low-reinvestment).
Insufficient data. Current ROIC on all capital: 11%. Rough measure (includes maintenance capex).
Cash uses aggregated from the SEC cash-flow statement over 10 fiscal years. "Return on reinvestment" is a rough proxy — operating-income change ÷ cumulative CapEx + M&A — and includes maintenance capex. Educational — not a recommendation.
EOD close · as of 2026-10-29
How a revenue dollar becomes profit — FY2026
Dividends and buybacks are cash paid out, shown here against the same year's profit for scale — not funded from it.
Each value shows its share of revenue below it (common-size).
| Line Item | FY2026 | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | FY2020 | FY2019 | FY2018 | FY2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $7.86B 100.0% | $7.37B 100.0% | $7.34B 100.0% | $7.26B 100.0% | $6.71B 100.0% | $6.11B 100.0% | $5.51B 100.0% | $5.56B 100.0% | $5.32B 100.0% | $4.96B 100.0% |
| Cost of Revenue | $4.61B 58.6% | $4.32B 58.6% | $4.32B 58.9% | $4.51B 62.1% | $4.27B 63.7% | $3.70B 60.6% | $3.41B 62.0% | $3.48B 62.5% | $3.31B 62.1% | $2.79B 56.3% |
| Cost of Products | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $2.79B 56.3% |
| Gross Profit | $3.26B 41.4% | $3.05B 41.4% | $3.01B 41.1% | $2.75B 37.9% | $2.43B 36.3% | $2.41B 39.4% | $2.09B 38.0% | $2.09B 37.5% | $2.02B 37.9% | $2.17B 43.7% |
| Research & Development | $97.9M 1.2% | $94.7M 1.3% | $92.2M 1.3% | $86.6M 1.2% | $80.5M 1.2% | $77.6M 1.3% | $76.5M 1.4% | $71.6M 1.3% | $69.7M 1.3% | $64.9M 1.3% |
| Selling, General & Admin | $2.29B 29.1% | $2.15B 29.2% | $2.11B 28.8% | $1.96B 27.0% | $1.79B 26.7% | $1.66B 27.3% | $1.55B 28.1% | $1.60B 28.7% | $1.50B 28.2% | $1.64B 33.1% |
| Interest Expense | $111.5M 1.4% | $96.5M 1.3% | $118.0M 1.6% | $119.0M 1.6% | $87.9M 1.3% | $85.4M 1.4% | $101.0M 1.8% | $102.4M 1.8% | $104.5M 2.0% | $97.0M 2.0% |
| Other Income (Expense), net | $11.5M 0.1% | $1.6M 0.0% | -$10.2M -0.1% | -$9.8M -0.1% | $11.8M 0.2% | -$13.6M -0.2% | -$12.1M -0.2% | -$4.3M -0.1% | $598K 0.0% | -$1.7M -0.0% |
| Pretax Income | $870.3M 11.1% | $792.8M 10.8% | $787.8M 10.7% | $649.4M 8.9% | $606.8M 9.0% | $668.4M 10.9% | $407.8M 7.4% | $339.8M 6.1% | $417.0M 7.8% | $244.3M 4.9% |
| Income Tax Expense | $207.9M 2.6% | $102.4M 1.4% | $198.4M 2.7% | $169.7M 2.3% | $114.3M 1.7% | $164.9M 2.7% | $102.7M 1.9% | $72.2M 1.3% | $77.8M 1.5% | $59.7M 1.2% |
| Net Income | $662.0M 8.4% | $690.0M 9.4% | $589.0M 8.0% | $480.0M 6.6% | $492.0M 7.3% | $502.6M 8.2% | $304.4M 5.5% | $266.6M 4.8% | $337.8M 6.3% | $181.8M 3.7% |
| Per Share | ||||||||||
| EPS (Basic) | $5.19 | $5.38 | $4.58 | $3.74 | $3.81 | $3.89 | $2.35 | $2.03 | $2.55 | $1.37 |
| EPS (Diluted) | $5.17 | $5.35 | $4.56 | $3.72 | $3.79 | $3.87 | $2.34 | $2.01 | $2.50 | $1.36 |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Basic) | 127.0M | 127.6M | 127.8M | 127.5M | 127.9M | 128.3M | 128.5M | 130.6M | 131.2M | 130.7M |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Diluted) | 127.6M | 128.2M | 128.3M | 128.8M | 129.6M | 128.9M | 130.0M | 134.3M | 137.2M | 135.2M |
Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL filings (annual, fiscal year). Quarterly flow items are derived from cumulative filings; balance-sheet figures are as-of each period end. Ratios and margins are computed, not reported.
How much the company owes, how it's trended, and how comfortably it's serviced.
Cash of $315.2M is below the $409.0M due within a year — relies on refinancing or operating cash flow. Scheduled principal only (excludes interest & revolver draws). As of 2026-05-31 (10-K).
Green ≤ 1.5× · amber ≤ 3× · red > 3× (leverage relative to cash earnings).
Interest is easily covered by operating profit. Effective rate ~4.4% on $2.53B of debt.
Cash of $315.2M is below short-term debt of $407.8M — relies on refinancing/operations.
Mostly short-term debt (balance-sheet current vs non-current split). See the maturity ladder above for the year-by-year repayment schedule.
Debt, cash, interest and equity from the SEC balance sheet & income statement. Effective rate = interest ÷ average debt. Maturity ladder from the SEC long-term-debt repayment schedule. Educational — not a recommendation.
Total return (dividends reinvested) vs the market, from quarter-end prices.
Above 0 = ahead of the S&P 500 since the window start; below 0 = behind. Rising means it's pulling ahead.
How far the stock fell below its prior peak. Deeper, longer drawdowns = a rougher ride to the same return.
Quarter-end, dividend-adjusted (total return). Beta & volatility from quarterly returns (annualized). Benchmark is the S&P 500 (SPY total return). Annual returns compound the quarters ending in each calendar year; the first and last years in a window may be partial. Past performance doesn't predict future results.
Last reported position per insider, carried forward. Steps can be a holding disclosed for the first time rather than a trade.
| Date | Insider | What it was | Shares | Price | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-08 | Rowe Jeffrey D Director | Grant | 1,700 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-10-08 | Whited Elizabeth F Director | Grant | 1,700 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-10-08 | Pawlikowski Ellen M Director | Grant | 1,700 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-10-08 | Nance Frederick R. Director | Grant | 1,700 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-10-08 | Morford Craig S |
Every row is classified by what it MEANT, not by its SEC code. A code is not a meaning: code P (“purchase”) also covers dividend reinvestment and employee stock purchase plans, and code S (“sale”) also covers 10b5-1 plan sales scheduled months earlier and option exercises sold the same day.
Across 30 days of all filings, $5.08bn of insider selling contained $3.50bn of plan sales and $0.46bn of exercise-and-sell. Only 29% was discretionary. Reading an unclassified feed badly overstates how much insiders decided.
Buys and sales are counted separately and never netted. They are different decisions by different people; a company where one officer bought while another sold is not “neutral”.
The holding line carries each insider's last reported position forward, so it shows the total held rather than a sawtooth of whoever traded that day. It covers only insiders who filed in the window.
“Filed late” counts calendar days past the two-business-day deadline with five days' grace, so a Thursday or Friday trade crossing a weekend is never flagged. It describes the company's filing discipline, not the trade.
Insider activity is descriptive. Nothing here is investment advice.
| Grant |
| 1,700 |
| $0.00 |
| $0 |
| 2026-10-08 | Mapes Christopher L Director | Grant | 1,700 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-10-08 | Livingston Robert Director | Grant | 1,700 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-10-08 | Gentile Tom Director | Grant | 1,700 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-10-08 | Fazzolari Salvatore D Director | Grant | 1,700 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-10-08 | Deckard Jenniffer D. Director | Grant | 1,700 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-10-08 | Beck Julie A Director | Grant | 1,700 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-08-05 | 4 co-filers Chairman and CEO | Option exercise | 200,000 | $62.17 | $12.4m |
| 2026-08-05 | 4 co-filers Chairman and CEO | Other | 106,529 | $116.72 | $12.4m |
| 2026-08-05 | 4 co-filers Chairman and CEO | Tax withholding | 40,753 | $116.72 | $4.8m |
| 2026-08-05 | 4 co-filers Chairman and CEO | Option exercise | 200,000 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-19 | Ratajczak Matthew T VP-Global Tax and Treasurer | Tax withholding | 670 | $105.08 | $70k |
| 2026-07-19 | Polanco Andrew G. VP - Operations | Tax withholding | 511 | $105.08 | $54k |
| 2026-07-19 | Sullivan Frank C Chairman and CEO | Tax withholding | 3,813 | $105.08 | $401k |
| 2026-07-19 | Crandall Tracy D. VP, General Counsel and CCO | Tax withholding | 488 | $105.08 | $51k |
| 2026-07-19 | Dennsteadt David C. President & COO | Tax withholding | 1,455 | $105.08 | $153k |
| 2026-07-19 | Gordon Russell L VP and CFO | Tax withholding | 1,137 | $105.08 | $119k |
| 2026-07-19 | Kastner Janeen B. VP Corp. Benefits/Risk Mgmt. | Tax withholding | 1,137 | $105.08 | $119k |
| 2026-07-19 | Laroche Michael J. VP, Controller & CAO | Tax withholding | 524 | $105.08 | $55k |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers President & COO | Grant | 1,717 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 2 co-filers Chairman and CEO | Grant | 7,160 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP and CFO | Grant | 959 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 2 co-filers VP-Global Tax and Treasurer | Grant | 221 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP, Controller & CAO | Grant | 1,005 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP, General Counsel and CCO | Grant | 1,344 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP Corp. Benefits/Risk Mgmt. | Grant | 1,107 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP, Controller & CAO | Grant | 1,200 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 2 co-filers VP-Global Tax and Treasurer | Grant | 1,500 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP, General Counsel and CCO | Grant | 850 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 2 co-filers Chairman and CEO | Grant | 129,500 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers President & COO | Grant | 1,470 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP Corp. Benefits/Risk Mgmt. | Grant | 1,200 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP and CFO | Grant | 1,470 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP, Controller & CAO | Grant | 4,700 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP and CFO | Grant | 26,400 | $0.00 | — |
| 2026-07-15 | 3 co-filers VP Corp. Benefits/Risk Mgmt. | Grant | 21,500 | $0.00 | — |
EOD close · as of 2026-10-29
Where each multiple sits in its own 15-yr range · 42th pct blended
Dot = today · shaded = middle 50% · line = median. Lower percentile = cheaper vs its own 15-yr history.
Is the profit real, and how strong is the balance sheet?
FY2026 · every deduction from revenue to net income
DuPont — the three levers
ROE 20% against ROIC 11% — 9% of the return on equity comes from leverage and buybacks rather than from the operating business.
Equity is the year-end figure. On average equity over the two year-ends, ROE is 21.3% — the two diverge when buybacks or issuance move equity during the year.
What the company owes vs. what it holds
This shows debt/cash structure and net leverage. The year-by-year maturity schedule is on the Debt & Leverage tab.
Latest year: profit growth vs revenue growth
Low operating leverage — profit tracks sales closely (stable, less cyclical).
Each line as % of revenue — the trend in color
| % of revenue | FY2019 | FY2020 | FY2021 | FY2022 | FY2023 | FY2024 | FY2025 | FY2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of Revenue | 62.5 | 62.0 | 60.6 | 63.7 | 62.1 | 58.9 | 58.6 | 58.6 |
| Gross Profit | 37.5 | 38.0 | 39.4 | 36.3 | 37.9 | 41.1 | 41.4 | 41.4 |
| R&D | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 |
| SG&A | 28.7 | 28.1 | 27.3 | 26.7 | 27.0 | 28.8 | 29.2 | 29.1 |
| Income Tax | 1.3 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 1.4 | 2.6 |
| Net Income | 4.8 | 5.5 | 8.2 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 8.0 | 9.4 | 8.4 |
Green = margin-favorable vs the row's own range · red = unfavorable.
The metrics that matter, over time
A 30-second read on RPM: price, valuation and headline fundamentals from SEC filings. The four questions at the top of the page are where the judgements live.
Earns 2.66pts above its cost of capital, without much margin of safety.
| Period | ROIC | Cost of capital | Spread |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2020 | 8.3% | 8.6% (today's — no rate published for this year) | -0.3pts |
| FY2021 | 12.5% | 8.6% (today's — no rate published for this year) | 3.9pts |
| FY2022 | 9.5% | 7.4% | 2.1pts |
| FY2023 | 10.1% | 7.7% | 2.4pts |
| FY2024 | 12.6% | 8.8% | 3.8pts |
| FY2025 | 10.7% | 8.7% | 2.1pts |
| FY2026 | 11.0% | 7.9% | 3.1pts |
| Now | 11.3% | 8.6% | 2.8pts |
| Fiscal year | Gross margin | Operating margin | Net margin |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2017 | 43.7% | 4.9% | 3.7% |
| FY2018 | 37.9% | 7.7% | 6.3% |
| FY2019 | 37.5% | 6.1% | 4.8% |
| FY2020 | 38.0% | 7.5% | 5.5% |
| FY2021 | 39.4% | 11.1% | 8.2% |
| FY2022 | 36.3% | 8.8% | 7.3% |
| FY2023 | 37.9% | 9.0% | 6.6% |
| FY2024 | 41.1% | 10.6% | 8.0% |
| FY2025 | 41.4% | 10.6% | 9.3% |
| FY2026 | 41.4% | 10.7% | 8.4% |
Leverage and buybacks account for 9 points of the 20% return on equity in FY2026. The business earns 11% on the capital it employs; the rest is balance sheet.
ROE is on average equity; ROIC is NOPAT over average invested capital (debt plus equity less excess cash). The gap is not a single adjustment.
$1.7B of goodwill — 28% of invested capital. The gap is what was paid above the fair value of what was bought; it is real capital shareholders provided, so neither bar is the whole answer.
ROIC ex-goodwill is 15.64% against 11.22% reported — the return is earned on a capital base inflated by what was paid for acquisitions, not by the operating business alone.
Converts 0.79x of reported profit into cash — adequate, without much margin.
No material counter-signal in the checked set: FCF / net income over 3 and 5 years, Sloan accruals, SBC as a share of revenue, SBC as a share of operating cash flow, SBC-adjusted free cash flow, free cash flow per diluted share, buybacks against SBC issued, capex vs depreciation, free cash flow against revenue, share count since the first year on file, cash conversion cycle (DSO, DIO, DPO), receivables growth against revenue growth.
Covers interest 5.3x even after a 30% EBITDA decline.
| EBITDA decline | Interest coverage |
|---|---|
| 0% | 7.57x |
| 5% | 7.19x |
| 10% | 6.81x |
| 15% | 6.43x |
| 20% | 6.05x |
| 25% | 5.67x |
| 30% | 5.30x |
| 35% | 4.92x |
| 40% | 4.54x |
| 45% | 4.16x |
| 50% | 3.78x |
| 55% | 3.40x |
| 60% | 3.03x |
Ladder as of 2026-05-31 (10-K); cash from the 2026-05-31 balance sheet; FCF from FY2026.
Balance sheet at 2026-05-31. Undrawn revolving credit is not shown: the tag is collected but not yet mapped through to the API.
The maturity schedule is not part of this verdict — its filing anchor is often older than the balance sheet it sits beside, so a wall inside 24 months may not be visible here.
At $102.22, free cash flow must compound 6.03%/yr for 10 years. It has done 9.02%/yr over 6 years.
| Fiscal year | FCF growth | Price requires |
|---|---|---|
| FY2021 | 51.4% | 6.0% |
| FY2022 | −107.2% | 6.0% |
| FY2024 | 181.5% | 6.0% |
| FY2025 | −40.7% | 6.0% |
| FY2026 | 25.4% | 6.0% |
The percentile ranks the FISCAL-YEAR point, because the distribution behind each strip is built from fiscal-year closes — ranking a TTM figure inside it would compare two different bases. TTM basis: TTM.
The implied rate has been matched or beaten in 3 of the last 5 years.
| Step | Amount | Running total |
|---|---|---|
| Net income | $661M | $661M |
| Share-based comp | $33M | $694M |
| Other non-cash & working capital | $204M | $899M |
| Operating cash flow | $899M | $899M |
| Capex | −$224M | $675M |
| Free cash flow | $675M | $675M |
| FCF after SBC | $642M | $642M |
| Fiscal year | Revenue growth | Receivables growth | Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2021 | 10.9% | 12.6% | 1.7 points |
| FY2022 | 9.8% | 11.8% | 2.0 points |
| FY2023 | 8.2% | 4.9% | -3.3 points |
| FY2024 | 1.1% | -5.6% | -6.6 points |
| FY2025 | 0.5% | 6.3% | 5.8 points |
| FY2026 | 6.7% | 10.1% | 3.4 points |
| Fiscal year | DSO | DIO | DPO | Cash conversion cycle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2020 | 75.4 days | 86.6 days | 57.2 days | 104.8 days |
| FY2021 | 76.6 days | 92.5 days | 70.7 days | 98.3 days |
| FY2022 | 78 days | 103.5 days | 68.3 days | 113.2 days |
| FY2023 | 75.6 days | 91.9 days | 55.1 days | 112.4 days |
| FY2024 | 70.6 days | 80.8 days | 54.9 days | 96.5 days |
| FY2025 | 74.7 days | 87.5 days | 63.8 days | 98.4 days |
| FY2026 | 77.1 days | 83.9 days | 67.6 days | 93.4 days |
| Fiscal year | Accruals / assets |
|---|---|
| FY2020 | -4.4 percent |
| FY2021 | -4.2 percent |
| FY2022 | 4.7 percent |
| FY2023 | -1.4 percent |
| FY2024 | -8.1 percent |
| FY2025 | -1.0 percent |
| FY2026 | -2.8 percent |
Below the line, the asset base is being consumed faster than it is replaced.
Depreciation here includes amortisation of acquired intangibles — goodwill written down over time, customer lists, acquired technology. Capex does not replace those and is not meant to, so an acquisitive or asset-light company sits below 1.0 permanently and correctly. The signal is cleanest for capital-intensive businesses, where the two measure the same physical base. For that reason this informs the earnings-quality verdict but never caps it.
SBC is added back inside operating cash flow, so reported free cash flow treats shares issued to employees as free. Percent of revenue says how expensive the payroll is; percent of operating cash flow says how much of the cash exists only because the charge was added back. The buyback offset is buybacks over SBC — below 1.0 the repurchase does not cover the shares issued.
Figures are the latest fiscal year (FY2026) from the company's own filings, not a trailing-twelve-month window — Q2 reads fiscal years throughout so the cash-conversion ratios and these share one basis. A blank is a line the filer did not report; it is never read as zero.